Two vaccines are said to have entered the first phase of human clinical trials and another 60 in preclinical trials have been confirmed by WHO. The first vaccine developed jointly by the Beijing Institute of Technology and Can Sino Biological Inc used the non-replicating viral vector system.
The other vaccine that has entered the first human trial is from the US-based company Moderna and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) combined. This lipid nanoparticle encapsulated mRNA candidate vaccine uses an RNA platform. The virus’s genetic information is decoded from the DNA to make proteins. The messenger RNA acts as a messenger between the genetic information from the DNA and amino acid sequence of proteins, which direct the cells to fight the infection.